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Advan. Physiol. Edu. 30: 145-151, 2006; doi:10.1152/advan.00052.2006
1043-4046/06 $8.00
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ADV PHYSIOL EDUC 30:145-151, 2006
© 2006 American Physiological Society

STAYING CURRENT

PGC-1{alpha}: a key regulator of energy metabolism

Huiyun Liang1,2 and Walter F. Ward2,3

1 Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, Audie Murphy Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 2 Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Audie Murphy Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 3 Department of Physiology, Audie Murphy Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas

Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: W. F. Ward, Dept. of Physiology, Univ. of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229-3900 (e-mail: wardw{at}uthscsa.edu)

Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{gamma} coactivator (PGC)-1{alpha} is a member of a family of transcription coactivators that plays a central role in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism. It is strongly induced by cold exposure, linking this environmental stimulus to adaptive thermogenesis. PGC-1{alpha} stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes the remodeling of muscle tissue to a fiber-type composition that is metabolically more oxidative and less glycolytic in nature, and it participates in the regulation of both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. It is highly likely that PGC-1{alpha} is intimately involved in disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiomyopathy. In particular, its regulatory function in lipid metabolism makes it an inviting target for pharmacological intervention in the treatment of obesity and Type 2 diabetes.

Key words: adaptive thermogenesis; transcription coactivator; proliferator peroxisome-activated receptor; glucose metabolism; diabetes




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