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REPORT
Departments of Anesthesiology, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: K. Strange, Anesthesiology Research Division, Vanderbilt Univ. Medical Center, T-4202 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232-2520 (E-mail: kevin.strange{at}vanderbilt.edu)
Abstract
All cells face constant challenges to their volume either through changes in intracellular solute content or extracellular osmolality. Cells respond to volume perturbations by activating membrane transport and/or metabolic processes that result in net solute loss or gain and return of cell volume to its normal resting state. This paper provides a brief overview of fundamental concepts of osmotic water flow across cell membranes, mechanisms of cell volume perturbation, the role of inorganic ions and organic osmolytes in cell volume regulation and the signaling mechanisms that regulate the activity of cell volume-sensitive transport and metabolic pathways.
Key words: osmosis; cell volume regulation; organic osmolytes; membrane transport; signal transduction
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